Termite Detective: Formosan Termites

Termites are homeowners’ worst nightmare, and in South Florida, one of the most destructive species is the Formosan termite (Coptotermes formosanus). Known for their massive colony sizes and aggressive feeding habits, these invasive subterranean termites can cause severe structural damage in a short amount of time. If left unchecked, they can quickly turn a sturdy home into a costly repair project.

So, how can you spot the signs of infestation, and what can you do to protect your home from termites? Let’s dive into the details of Formosan termites, their behavior, and the most effective termite control in Florida.

What Are Formosan Termites?

Physical Characteristics of Formosan Termites

Like all termites, Formosan termites belong to the order Blattodea and infraorder Isoptera, and they have distinct castes within their colonies: workers, termite soldiers, and swarmers. A key identifier of termite swarmers, or reproductive termites, is that they have four equal-sized wings, a pair of straight antennae, and a straight waist, distinguishing them from flying ants. The Formosan swarmers are large yellow termites with hairy bodies and hairy wings. The soldiers of Formosan termite colonies are unique as well. They have smooth mandibles and a “teardrop”-shaped head that emits a defense secretion from a forward-facing fontanelle to ward off predators like ants.

How to Identify Formosan Termite Swarms

Formosan termites swarm in the evening hours, particularly in the spring and summer months. If you notice Formosan termite wings discarded around your windows, doors, or light fixtures, this could indicate that swarmers have entered your home. Another telltale sign of an infestation is the presence of mud tubes, which these termites use to travel between their underground nests and above-ground food sources, like the wood in your crawlspace, walls, or attic.

The Behavior of Formosan Termites in South Florida

Why Formosan Termites Are a Major Threat

Unlike other types of termites, Formosan termites form massive colonies. A single colony can contain millions of termites, and multiple colonies can exist within the same area, significantly increasing the risk of infestation. They are especially drawn to moist environments and homes with wood-to-ground contact, such as:

• Wooden decks, fences, and tree stumps
• Wooden crawlspace piers
• Homes with plumbing leaks or leaking windows and doors. 
• Poor drainage near the foundation due to improper irrigation or landscaping

Once they establish a colony, they build termite carton nests, which help them retain moisture and expand their territory. Their ability to consume wood at a rapid pace makes them one of the most destructive kinds of termites.

Prevention and Treatment for Formosan Termites

Effective Formosan Termite Treatment Options

Due to their aggressive nature, Formosan termite treatment is not a DIY job. If you suspect an infestation, you need professional intervention immediately. The most effective treatments include:

• Sentricon Colony Elimination System – This baiting system uses an insect growth regulator to eliminate entire colonies. The bait is placed in the ground or near infested areas, and foraging termites recruit nestmates to feed. Through trophallaxis (colony-wide feeding and grooming), the bait spreads, leading to complete colony elimination.
• Liquid Defense Barrier Treatment – This method involves applying a liquid termiticide around the home’s foundation, creating a protective barrier that kills termites on contact and prevents future infestations.

Since termite damage is not covered by homeowners’ insurance, it’s critical to invest in a preventative termite control plan to avoid costly repairs.

Schedule a Free Termite Inspection with Hulett Today

If you see signs of Formosan termites, or any others, like the drywood termite, don’t wait for the damage to get worse. JUST CALL HULETT! Our expert technicians, trained by a Board-Certified Entomologist, will conduct a thorough interior and exterior inspection to identify active colonies and recommend the best termite treatment for your home.

Protect your biggest investment today and schedule your free termite inspection with Hulett Environmental Services!